​Aptamers are a unique class of nucleic acid molecules currently being investigated for clinical applications. Aptamers are functional single-stranded oligonucleotides able to form complex structures, which facilitates their therapeutic abilities. They have the advantage of being nonimmunogenic, easy to synthesize, stable, high affinity, and specificity for targets, thus emphasizing their role in clinical applications. Research on the therapeutic uses of aptamers has been growing rapidly for the past 30 years. Since aptamers were discovered, tremendous efforts have been devoted to making them clinically relevant in treating diseases such as cancer, hepatitis, and HIV among others. Up to date, one aptamer, Macugen, VEGF targeting aptamer, has made it into clinical use, while many other aptamers are currently in different stages in clinical trials. The development of Macugen is being studied to address the challenge of …​