​Wang Yan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia 

Nurwina Anuar, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia 

Ahmad Zamri Mansor, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia 

The aim of this research is to conduct a thorough examination of the correlation between self-efficacy, learning styles, second language motivation self-system (L2MSS), and Chinese as a second language (CSL) learner. By doing so, the study seeks to uncover the collective impact of these factors on the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi,HSK examination scores. Approximately, 250 CSL learners hailing from various countries spanning five continents, both within and beyond the borders of China. The Second Language Motivation Self-System Scale (L2MSS), the Chinese as a Second Language Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (CSSEQ), and the Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire (PLSPQ) will comprise the questionnaires utilised in this cross-sectional study. A moderating variable in the relationship between L2MSS and HSK examination scores is hypothesised to be self-efficacy. Moreover, it is expected that varied learning approaches will have distinct impacts on HSK achievement. Motivation is an essential affective component that maintains the zeal of individuals acquiring a second language and ultimately dictates the outcome of their educational journey: success or failure. Furthermore, self efficacy, which pertains to an individual's conviction in their own ability to successfully execute particular behavioral duties, is a substantial predictor of language proficiency. This research placing significant importance on the complex interaction that exists among students' learning styles, motivation, and self-efficacy is vital in comprehending the multifaceted mechanisms that underlie the results of language examinations. Moreover, it provides a novel outlook on the development of personalized pedagogical approaches, with the intention of enhancing the progress of individuals learning Chinese as a second language.​