​Developing scientific literacy is necessary for students with disabilities (SWD) as it supports the ability to create solutions to real-world problems and understand current events, and it strengthens critical thinking, problem-solving, and complex communication skills. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate extant literature on inquiry-based science interventions for SWD in service of developing scientific practices. We identified 26 studies in 22 articles and 3 dissertations for inclusion in this review. Effect size (ES) estimates demonstrate significant positive effects in both group (ES = 0.79; CI [0.41, 1.17]) and single case design studies (ES = 2.76; CI [1.93, 3.60]). Overall findings suggest that inquiry-based science instruction is effective in teaching SWD science content as well as developing proficiency in scientific practices and inquiry skills.