​Plant viral diseases are a significant threat to global food production and security. Plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. They are transmitted from one plant to another through vectors such as insects, nematodes, chytrid fungi and mites. The largest class of plant-virus transmitting vectors is insects, such as whitefly, aphids, thrips, leafhoppers and beetles. Plant viruses classified into three categories based on their transmission mode: non-persistently transmitted viruses, semi-persistently transmitted viruses, and persistently transmitted viruses.​